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A
Bigger Picture
Marianna Martin on Vertigo There’s
something I should clarify right away. Though
I had not, to my secret shame, seen Alfred Hitchcock’s
Vertigo until last week, I had seen the
first four reels, or, more specifically, the upper-right
quadrant of those reels and little more, approximately
two-dozen times. Having seen those and vaguely
heard the soundtrack that went with them, I was
able to fake my way through conversations with
my grad-school peers. “Oh yes, Vertigo.
Jimmy Stewart and Kim Novak. Great. Love the blood-red
wallpaper in reel two.”
This was not some elaborate exercise in deconstructing
cinema, but rather, an after-effect of my training
as a projectionist. I learned how to thread 35mm
with a great print of the Hitchcock film, and
focus the lens on the deep black of the spiraling
credits sequence. After that, my picture of the
film narrowed rapidly, because I was staring fixedly
at where my changeover cues would eventually come,
the upper-right-hand corner. For the record, in
the first three reels, they happen when Jimmy
Stewart is driving his car.
Despite my extremely circumscribed experience
of the movie to date, it saddened me that I’d
be getting my first real viewing of it on DVD
and a 20” TV. Just knowing that there’s a Hitchcock
print on 35mm in your zip code makes you lament
even more the flattening of the colors, the depths
of the blacks, the tiny details that scream at
you on the screen but are compressed into oblivion
on the television, but there was nothing to be
done. Universal DVD it had to be. Once I had gotten
past the first four reels’ worth, and the wonder
that there was four times the image I had been
able to see before, I settled into the heart of
the movie, the shocking narrative twists, and
something akin to awe regarding Jimmy Stewart
and the man directing him. As a film student,
I know that this is “officially” a good movie,
and I’m aware of the reputations of the principals,
but tonight, I “got it” as a filmgoer too. I wasn’t
playing the little analytical games that usually
mark all of my viewings. (“Oh there’s the Hitchcock
cameo. Oh, there’s the gaze and the fetishization.”)
I was just aghast of how scared I was of Jimmy
Stewart. Uber-wholesome Mr. Smith? I have always
appreciated how Stewart played so many of his
roles as a man clearly a few sheets to the wind
(is there any way his L.B. Jeffries in Rear
Window hasn’t been drinking all day?), which
adds a hysterical and almost charming instability
to his All-American men, but this Stewart character
is not a happy drunk. He’s closer to psychotic.
This collaboration between Stewart and Hitchcock
pushes the model American male over the brink
into a terrifying space, and it’s all the more
effective because of Stewart’s prior film history
and the warping made possible by it.
Though having seen some of a 35mm print makes
me envious of audiences who saw this film on the
superior format when it was new, I might be willing
to concede that I got the better deal in the end.
The DVD format seems a poor substitute for the
enveloping experience of the theater but perhaps
makes me appreciate all the more the strength
of the suspense that kept me rapt even in my living
room. And though I don’t get to have the excitement
of novelty with this film, I do get the luxury
of retrospect, the chance to appreciate where
it fits into the big pictures of Hitchcock’s films,
Jimmy Stewart’s assorted roles, and, not to be
too grandiose, film history itself. It’s a wonderful
thrill of recognition to be able see this as a
shaping moment in Stewart’s career, when Hitchcock
gave him a chance to prove that his only strength
didn’t lie in niceties, and that on the screen
maybe he wasn’t always a man a girl should be
eager to take home to Mother, or even take home
at all.
Though Hitchcock’s films have been clichéd fodder
for psychoanalytic study in film writing for some
time now, it’s nice to have the historical perspective
when watching this, thinking about the Rock Hudson
and Doris Day films of the time, and to be reminded
that at this given moment, at least one director
was urging the view that all was not well at home
with Mr. and Mrs. America. Maybe, in the postwar
years, we were all post-traumatic time bombs.
Hitchcock’s enthusiasm for dealing with deviant
psychology is not just a projection of his own
numerous neuroses but also a welcome break from
the sugarcoated valium façade prevalent in many
films of the era. Sure, Marnie was a psycho-babbling
misogynist nightmare, but a lot of its failure
lay in overexplanation and misdiagnosis. In Vertigo,
Stewart’s Scottie, sent out to investigate the
mysterious Madeline, who appears to be yet another
“Hitchcock woman” turns out to be far more disturbed
himself. (Although anyone who accepts a “Will
you stalk my wife?” assignment might be a bit
suspect to begin with.) But we never find out
why Scottie is so obsessed with this ideal female
image, and with rebuilding it at all costs. Scottie
is too damaged to be easily explained, but there
he is, and rightly so. Very few of us ever get
a full diagnostic workup on that scary ex, just
a profound sense of relief that we got away.
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And Midge was
lucky to get away. Initially, this girl-next-door
type appears to be the film’s most well-adjusted
character. She’s not stalking anyone, she’s not
convinced she’s some dead Spanish woman, and she
hasn’t fallen from any great heights. Played by
Barbara Bel Geddes, she seems to radiate good
sense and wry humor, the stalwarts of a girl with
glasses competing with Kim Novak for a man’s attention.
But it is in the character of Midge that some
of the most disturbing aspects of the film begin
to surface. Despite her apparent grounding and
resigned, almost ironic patience with Scottie’s
obliviousness to her and his deepening obsession
with “Madeline,” her eventual attempt to get his
attention is as bizarre as nearly anything he’s
up to. She recreates the portrait of the “ghost,”
only with her own head imposed on it, and shows
it to Scottie. And, strangely, it is the clumsiness
of this attempt that seems to doom it, not the
notion of the masquerade itself. After all, Scottie
will be more than willing to order Judy to impersonate
Madeline, after he has lost her. Midge’s reaction
to this failure is overwrought and violent, totally
unexpected. She literally beats herself up for
the misfire of her plan and his negative reaction,
and after one strike, she’s out, making no further
attempts. Further, the casting of Bel Geddes as
Midge intrigues me, because I best recognize her
as Leonora from Max Ophuls’ Caught (1949),
in which a girl not unlike Midge completely transforms
herself into the image of what she imagines will
snare her a wealthy man and the consumer comforts
that would accompany marriage to him. She succeeds,
only to discover that the man her carefully instructed
image captured turns out to be a dangerous psychopath.
The failure of the Hitchcock Bel Geddes character
in her comparable attempt spares her another dangerous
relationship this time around, and sets up an
interesting play off of an existing star image.
When we look at Hitchcock in the auteurist mode,
which we can’t help at this point, the impulse
is to map the congruencies between the film under
examination and the layout of his career. This
can often be a one-way ticket to dullness, a predetermination
to pigeonhole everything exactly, but it can also
be beneficial. At this point in film studies,
I have a lot less interest in saying, “How can
I prove that this is exactly like all his other
films and thus fits,” and a lot more interest
in asking, “How is this different and why?” Having
the blueprint of The Hitchcock Film from the work
done by previous film scholars enables me to recognize,
“Oh, it’s another Hitchcock blonde, she’ll be
punished by the end,” but also draws my attention
to the fact that we have two blondes, Midge and
“Madeline,” one surviving and the other not. “Madeline”
really only exists in Scottie’s mind, and because
Midge fails to become her adequately, she is spared.
Judy succeeds too well and dies for it. The image
is unstable and cannot last. Being Madeline is
not the same as being alive, it is the exact opposite:
a fiction imagining she is a ghost. And this proves
Hitchcock was a little more self-aware of his
doomed blondes than most feminist readings of
his films give him credit for.
I have learned a dangerous lesson: I’m so glad
I put off watching Vertigo until I had
seen more Hitchcock. I’m glad I saw Caught
first. I’m glad I somehow never had the ending
spoiled for me. Because it’s one hell of a twist,
that ending, and 50 years has done nothing to
diminish it. You should see it, if you haven’t.
And I still love the blood-red wallpaper in reel
two. |
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